Align paired end reads to the human reference genome hg19 using STAR 2.5.1a
# added in 2016

STAR^[1] is increasingly popular in the NGS mapping field because of its speed. For more information, please refer to the STAR web page^[2] and read the manual online here^[3]

mkdir -p $STAR_INDEXES/HiSeq_UCSC_hg19_100
STAR --runMode genomeGenerate \
    --genomeDir $STAR_INDEXES/HiSeq_UCSC_hg19_100 \
    --genomeFastaFiles $STAR_INDEXES/HiSeq_UCSC_hg19.fa \
    --sjdbGTFfile $STAR_INDEXES/Homo_sapiens.hg19.gtf \
    --sjdbOverhang 99

after a 2h tedious process of generating the index

Mar 03 14:06:15 ..... started STAR run
Mar 03 14:06:15 ... starting to generate Genome files
Mar 03 14:07:17 ... starting to sort Suffix Array. This may take a long time...
Mar 03 14:07:40 ... sorting Suffix Array chunks and saving them to disk...
Mar 03 16:10:18 ... loading chunks from disk, packing SA...
Mar 03 16:11:21 ... finished generating suffix array
Mar 03 16:11:21 ... Generating Suffix Array index
Mar 03 16:14:29 ... Completed Suffix Array index
Mar 03 16:14:29 ..... processing annotations GTF
Mar 03 16:14:46 ..... inserting junctions into the genome indices
Mar 03 16:23:27 ... writing Genome to disk ...
Mar 03 16:23:29 ... writing Suffix Array to disk ...
Mar 03 16:23:47 ... writing SAindex to disk
Mar 03 16:23:51 ..... finished successfully

STAR inline command help (please instead download the PDF)

Usage: STAR [options]... --genomeDir REFERENCE --readFilesIn R1.fq R2.fq
Spliced Transcripts Alignment to a Reference (c) Alexander Dobin, 2009-2015
### versions
versionSTAR 020201
int>0: STAR release numeric ID. Please do not change this value!
versionGenome 020101 020200
int>0: oldest value of the Genome version compatible with this STAR release. Please do not change this value!
### Parameter Files
parametersFiles -
string: name of a user-defined parameters file, "-": none. Can only be defined on the command line.
### System
sysShell -
string: path to the shell binary, preferrably bash, e.g. /bin/bash.
- ... the default shell is executed, typically /bin/sh. This was reported to fail on some Ubuntu systems - then you need to specify path to bash.
### Run Parameters
runMode alignReads
string: type of the run:
alignReads ... map reads
genomeGenerate ... generate genome files
inputAlignmentsFromBAM ... input alignments from BAM. Presently only works with --outWigType and --bamRemoveDuplicates.
runThreadN 1
int: number of threads to run STAR
runDirPerm User_RWX
string: permissions for the directories created at the run-time.
User_RWX ... user-read/write/execute
All_RWX ... all-read/write/execute (same as chmod 777)
runRNGseed 777
int: random number generator seed.
### Genome Parameters
genomeDir ./GenomeDir/
string: path to the directory where genome files are stored (if runMode!=generateGenome) or will be generated (if runMode==generateGenome)
genomeLoad NoSharedMemory
string: mode of shared memory usage for the genome files
LoadAndKeep ... load genome into shared and keep it in memory after run
LoadAndRemove ... load genome into shared but remove it after run
LoadAndExit ... load genome into shared memory and exit, keeping the genome in memory for future runs
Remove ... do not map anything, just remove loaded genome from memory
NoSharedMemory ... do not use shared memory, each job will have its own private copy of the genome
### Genome Generation Parameters
genomeFastaFiles -
string(s): path(s) to the fasta files with genomic sequences for genome generation, separated by spaces. Only used if runMode==genomeGenerate. These files should be plain text FASTA files, they *cannot* be zipped.
genomeChrBinNbits 18
int: =log2(chrBin), where chrBin is the size of the bins for genome storage: each chromosome will occupy an integer number of bins
genomeSAindexNbases 14
int: length (bases) of the SA pre-indexing string. Typically between 10 and 15. Longer strings will use much more memory, but allow faster searches.
genomeSAsparseD 1
int>0: suffux array sparsity, i.e. distance between indices: use bigger numbers to decrease needed RAM at the cost of mapping speed reduction
genomeSuffixLengthMax -1
int: maximum length of the suffixes, has to be longer than read length. -1 = infinite.
### Splice Junctions Database
sjdbFileChrStartEnd -
string(s): path to the files with genomic coordinates (chr <tab> start <tab> end <tab> strand) for the splice junction introns. Multiple files can be supplied wand will be concatenated.
sjdbGTFfile -
string: path to the GTF file with annotations
sjdbGTFchrPrefix -
string: prefix for chromosome names in a GTF file (e.g. 'chr' for using ENSMEBL annotations with UCSC geneomes)
sjdbGTFfeatureExon exon
string: feature type in GTF file to be used as exons for building transcripts
sjdbGTFtagExonParentTranscript transcript_id
string: tag name to be used as exons' transcript-parents (default "transcript_id" works for GTF files)
sjdbGTFtagExonParentGene gene_id
string: tag name to be used as exons' gene-parents (default "gene_id" works for GTF files)
sjdbOverhang 100
int>0: length of the donor/acceptor sequence on each side of the junctions, ideally = (mate_length - 1)
sjdbScore 2
int: extra alignment score for alignmets that cross database junctions
sjdbInsertSave Basic
string: which files to save when sjdb junctions are inserted on the fly at the mapping step
Basic ... only small junction / transcript files
All ... all files including big Genome, SA and SAindex - this will create a complete genome directory
### Input Files
inputBAMfile -
string: path to BAM input file, to be used with --runMode inputAlignmentsFromBAM
### Read Parameters
readFilesIn Read1 Read2
string(s): paths to files that contain input read1 (and, if needed, read2)
readFilesCommand -
string(s): command line to execute for each of the input file. This command should generate FASTA or FASTQ text and send it to stdout
For example: zcat - to uncompress .gz files, bzcat - to uncompress .bz2 files, etc.
readMapNumber -1
int: number of reads to map from the beginning of the file
-1: map all reads
readMatesLengthsIn NotEqual
string: Equal/NotEqual - lengths of names,sequences,qualities for both mates are the same / not the same. NotEqual is safe in all situations.
readNameSeparator /
string(s): character(s) separating the part of the read names that will be trimmed in output (read name after space is always trimmed)
clip3pNbases 0
int(s): number(s) of bases to clip from 3p of each mate. If one value is given, it will be assumed the same for both mates.
clip5pNbases 0
int(s): number(s) of bases to clip from 5p of each mate. If one value is given, it will be assumed the same for both mates.
clip3pAdapterSeq -
string(s): adapter sequences to clip from 3p of each mate. If one value is given, it will be assumed the same for both mates.
clip3pAdapterMMp 0.1
double(s): max proportion of mismatches for 3p adpater clipping for each mate. If one value is given, it will be assumed the same for both mates.
clip3pAfterAdapterNbases 0
int(s): number of bases to clip from 3p of each mate after the adapter clipping. If one value is given, it will be assumed the same for both mates.
### Limits
limitGenomeGenerateRAM 31000000000
int>0: maximum available RAM (bytes) for genome generation
limitIObufferSize 150000000
int>0: max available buffers size (bytes) for input/output, per thread
limitOutSAMoneReadBytes 100000
int>0: max size of the SAM record for one read. Recommended value: >(2*(LengthMate1+LengthMate2+100)*outFilterMultimapNmax
limitOutSJoneRead 1000
int>0: max number of junctions for one read (including all multi-mappers)
limitOutSJcollapsed 1000000
int>0: max number of collapsed junctions
limitBAMsortRAM 0
int>=0: maximum available RAM for sorting BAM. If =0, it will be set to the genome index size. 0 value can only be used with --genomeLoad NoSharedMemory option.
limitSjdbInsertNsj 1000000
int>=0: maximum number of junction to be inserted to the genome on the fly at the mapping stage, including those from annotations and those detected in the 1st step of the 2-pass run
### Output: general
outFileNamePrefix ./
string: output files name prefix (including full or relative path). Can only be defined on the command line.
outTmpDir -
string: path to a directory that will be used as temporary by STAR. All contents of this directory will be removed!
- the temp directory will default to outFileNamePrefix_STARtmp
outStd Log
string: which output will be directed to stdout (standard out)
Log ... log messages
SAM ... alignments in SAM format (which normally are output to Aligned.out.sam file), normal standard output will go into Log.std.out
BAM_Unsorted ... alignments in BAM format, unsorted. Requires --outSAMtype BAM Unsorted
BAM_SortedByCoordinate ... alignments in BAM format, unsorted. Requires --outSAMtype BAM SortedByCoordinate
BAM_Quant ... alignments to transcriptome in BAM format, unsorted. Requires --quantMode TranscriptomeSAM
outReadsUnmapped None
string: output of unmapped and partially mapped (i.e. mapped only one mate of a paired end read) reads in separate file(s).
None ... no output
Fastx ... output in separate fasta/fastq files, Unmapped.out.mate1/2
outQSconversionAdd 0
int: add this number to the quality score (e.g. to convert from Illumina to Sanger, use -31)
outMultimapperOrder Old_2.4
string: order of multimapping alignments in the output files
Old_2.4 ... quasi-random order used before 2.5.0
Random ... random order of alignments for each multi-mapper. Read mates (pairs) are always adjacent, all alignment for each read stay together. This option will become default in the future releases.
### Output: SAM and BAM
outSAMtype SAM
strings: type of SAM/BAM output
1st word:
BAM ... output BAM without sorting
SAM ... output SAM without sorting
None ... no SAM/BAM output
2nd, 3rd:
Unsorted ... standard unsorted
SortedByCoordinate ... sorted by coordinate. This option will allocate extra memory for sorting which can be specified by --limitBAMsortRAM.
outSAMmode Full
string: mode of SAM output
None ... no SAM output
Full ... full SAM output
NoQS ... full SAM but without quality scores
outSAMstrandField None
string: Cufflinks-like strand field flag
None ... not used
intronMotif ... strand derived from the intron motif. Reads with inconsistent and/or non-canonical introns are filtered out.
outSAMattributes Standard
string: a string of desired SAM attributes, in the order desired for the output SAM
NH HI AS nM NM MD jM jI XS ... any combination in any order
Standard ... NH HI AS nM
All ... NH HI AS nM NM MD jM jI
None ... no attributes
outSAMattrIHstart 1
int>=0: start value for the IH attribute. 0 may be required by some downstream software, such as Cufflinks or StringTie.
outSAMunmapped None
string(s): output of unmapped reads in the SAM format
1st word:
None ... no output
Within ... output unmapped reads within the main SAM file (i.e. Aligned.out.sam)
2nd word:
KeepPairs ... record unmapped mate for each alignment, and, in case of unsroted output, keep it adjacent to its mapped mate.
Only affects multi-mapping reads
outSAMorder Paired
string: type of sorting for the SAM output
Paired: one mate after the other for all paired alignments
PairedKeepInputOrder: one mate after the other for all paired alignments, the order is kept the same as in the input FASTQ files
outSAMprimaryFlag OneBestScore
string: which alignments are considered primary - all others will be marked with 0x100 bit in the FLAG
OneBestScore ... only one alignment with the best score is primary
AllBestScore ... all alignments with the best score are primary
outSAMreadID Standard
string: read ID record type
Standard ... first word (until space) from the FASTx read ID line, removing /1,/2 from the end
Number ... read number (index) in the FASTx file
outSAMmapqUnique 255
int: 0 to 255: the MAPQ value for unique mappers
outSAMflagOR 0
int: 0 to 65535: sam FLAG will be bitwise OR'd with this value, i.e. FLAG=FLAG | outSAMflagOR. This is applied after all flags have been set by STAR, and after outSAMflagAND. Can be used to set specific bits that are not set otherwise.
outSAMflagAND 65535
int: 0 to 65535: sam FLAG will be bitwise AND'd with this value, i.e. FLAG=FLAG & outSAMflagOR. This is applied after all flags have been set by STAR, but before outSAMflagOR. Can be used to unset specific bits that are not set otherwise.
outSAMattrRGline -
string(s): SAM/BAM read group line. The first word contains the read group identifier and must start with "ID:", e.g. --outSAMattrRGline ID:xxx CN:yy "DS:z z z".
xxx will be added as RG tag to each output alignment. Any spaces in the tag values have to be double quoted.
Comma separated RG lines correspons to different (comma separated) input files in --readFilesIn. Commas have to be surrounded by spaces, e.g.
--outSAMattrRGline ID:xxx , ID:zzz "DS:z z" , ID:yyy DS:yyyy
outSAMheaderHD -
strings: @HD (header) line of the SAM header
outSAMheaderPG -
strings: extra @PG (software) line of the SAM header (in addition to STAR)
outSAMheaderCommentFile -
string: path to the file with @CO (comment) lines of the SAM header
outSAMfilter None
string(s): filter the output into main SAM/BAM files
KeepOnlyAddedReferences ... only keep the reads for which all alignments are to the extra reference sequences added with --genomeFastaFiles at the mapping stage.
outSAMmultNmax -1
int: max number of multiple alignments for a read that will be output to the SAM/BAM files.
-1 ... all alignments (up to --outFilterMultimapNmax) will be output
outBAMcompression 1
int: -1 to 10 BAM compression level, -1=default compression (6?), 0=no compression, 10=maximum compression
outBAMsortingThreadN 0
int: >=0: number of threads for BAM sorting. 0 will default to min(6,--runThreadN).
### BAM processing
bamRemoveDuplicatesType -
string: mark duplicates in the BAM file, for now only works with sorted BAM feeded with inputBAMfile
- ... no duplicate removal/marking
UniqueIdentical ... mark all multimappers, and duplicate unique mappers. The coordinates, FLAG, CIGAR must be identical
bamRemoveDuplicatesMate2basesN 0
int>0: number of bases from the 5' of mate 2 to use in collapsing (e.g. for RAMPAGE)
### Output Wiggle
outWigType None
string(s): type of signal output, e.g. "bedGraph" OR "bedGraph read1_5p". Requires sorted BAM: --outSAMtype BAM SortedByCoordinate .
1st word:
None ... no signal output
bedGraph ... bedGraph format
wiggle ... wiggle format
2nd word:
read1_5p ... signal from only 5' of the 1st read, useful for CAGE/RAMPAGE etc
read2 ... signal from only 2nd read
outWigStrand Stranded
string: strandedness of wiggle/bedGraph output
Stranded ... separate strands, str1 and str2
Unstranded ... collapsed strands
outWigReferencesPrefix -
string: prefix matching reference names to include in the output wiggle file, e.g. "chr", default "-" - include all references
outWigNorm RPM
string: type of normalization for the signal
RPM ... reads per million of mapped reads
None ... no normalization, "raw" counts
### Output Filtering
outFilterType Normal
string: type of filtering
Normal ... standard filtering using only current alignment
BySJout ... keep only those reads that contain junctions that passed filtering into SJ.out.tab
outFilterMultimapScoreRange 1
int: the score range below the maximum score for multimapping alignments
outFilterMultimapNmax 10
int: maximum number of loci the read is allowed to map to. Alignments (all of them) will be output only if the read maps to no more loci than this value.
Otherwise no alignments will be output, and the read will be counted as "mapped to too many loci" in the Log.final.out .
outFilterMismatchNmax 10
int: alignment will be output only if it has no more mismatches than this value.
outFilterMismatchNoverLmax 0.3
int: alignment will be output only if its ratio of mismatches to *mapped* length is less than or equal to this value.
outFilterMismatchNoverReadLmax 1
int: alignment will be output only if its ratio of mismatches to *read* length is less than or equal to this value.
outFilterScoreMin 0
int: alignment will be output only if its score is higher than or equal to this value.
outFilterScoreMinOverLread 0.66
float: same as outFilterScoreMin, but normalized to read length (sum of mates' lengths for paired-end reads)
outFilterMatchNmin 0
int: alignment will be output only if the number of matched bases is higher than or equal to this value.
outFilterMatchNminOverLread 0.66
float: sam as outFilterMatchNmin, but normalized to the read length (sum of mates' lengths for paired-end reads).
outFilterIntronMotifs None
string: filter alignment using their motifs
None ... no filtering
RemoveNoncanonical ... filter out alignments that contain non-canonical junctions
RemoveNoncanonicalUnannotated ... filter out alignments that contain non-canonical unannotated junctions when using annotated splice junctions database. The annotated non-canonical junctions will be kept.
### Output Filtering: Splice Junctions
outSJfilterReads All
string: which reads to consider for collapsed splice junctions output
All: all reads, unique- and multi-mappers
Unique: uniquely mapping reads only
outSJfilterOverhangMin 30 12 12 12
4 integers: minimum overhang length for splice junctions on both sides for: (1) non-canonical motifs, (2) GT/AG and CT/AC motif, (3) GC/AG and CT/GC motif, (4) AT/AC and GT/AT motif. -1 means no output for that motif
does not apply to annotated junctions
outSJfilterCountUniqueMin 3 1 1 1
4 integers: minimum uniquely mapping read count per junction for: (1) non-canonical motifs, (2) GT/AG and CT/AC motif, (3) GC/AG and CT/GC motif, (4) AT/AC and GT/AT motif. -1 means no output for that motif
Junctions are output if one of outSJfilterCountUniqueMin OR outSJfilterCountTotalMin conditions are satisfied
does not apply to annotated junctions
outSJfilterCountTotalMin 3 1 1 1
4 integers: minimum total (multi-mapping+unique) read count per junction for: (1) non-canonical motifs, (2) GT/AG and CT/AC motif, (3) GC/AG and CT/GC motif, (4) AT/AC and GT/AT motif. -1 means no output for that motif
Junctions are output if one of outSJfilterCountUniqueMin OR outSJfilterCountTotalMin conditions are satisfied
does not apply to annotated junctions
outSJfilterDistToOtherSJmin 10 0 5 10
4 integers>=0: minimum allowed distance to other junctions' donor/acceptor
does not apply to annotated junctions
outSJfilterIntronMaxVsReadN 50000 100000 200000
N integers>=0: maximum gap allowed for junctions supported by 1,2,3,,,N reads
i.e. by default junctions supported by 1 read can have gaps <=50000b, by 2 reads: <=100000b, by 3 reads: <=200000. by >=4 reads any gap <=alignIntronMax
does not apply to annotated junctions
### Scoring
scoreGap 0
int: splice junction penalty (independent on intron motif)
scoreGapNoncan -8
int: non-canonical junction penalty (in addition to scoreGap)
scoreGapGCAG -4
GC/AG and CT/GC junction penalty (in addition to scoreGap)
scoreGapATAC -8
AT/AC and GT/AT junction penalty (in addition to scoreGap)
scoreGenomicLengthLog2scale -0.25
extra score logarithmically scaled with genomic length of the alignment: scoreGenomicLengthLog2scale*log2(genomicLength)
scoreDelOpen -2
deletion open penalty
scoreDelBase -2
deletion extension penalty per base (in addition to scoreDelOpen)
scoreInsOpen -2
insertion open penalty
scoreInsBase -2
insertion extension penalty per base (in addition to scoreInsOpen)
scoreStitchSJshift 1
maximum score reduction while searching for SJ boundaries inthe stitching step
### Alignments and Seeding
seedSearchStartLmax 50
int>0: defines the search start point through the read - the read is split into pieces no longer than this value
seedSearchStartLmaxOverLread 1.0
float: seedSearchStartLmax normalized to read length (sum of mates' lengths for paired-end reads)
seedSearchLmax 0
int>=0: defines the maximum length of the seeds, if =0 max seed lengthis infinite
seedMultimapNmax 10000
int>0: only pieces that map fewer than this value are utilized in the stitching procedure
seedPerReadNmax 1000
int>0: max number of seeds per read
seedPerWindowNmax 50
int>0: max number of seeds per window
seedNoneLociPerWindow 10
int>0: max number of one seed loci per window
alignIntronMin 21
minimum intron size: genomic gap is considered intron if its length>=alignIntronMin, otherwise it is considered Deletion
alignIntronMax 0
maximum intron size, if 0, max intron size will be determined by (2^winBinNbits)*winAnchorDistNbins
alignMatesGapMax 0
maximum gap between two mates, if 0, max intron gap will be determined by (2^winBinNbits)*winAnchorDistNbins
alignSJoverhangMin 5
int>0: minimum overhang (i.e. block size) for spliced alignments
alignSJstitchMismatchNmax 0 -1 0 0
4*int>=0: maximum number of mismatches for stitching of the splice junctions (-1: no limit).
(1) non-canonical motifs, (2) GT/AG and CT/AC motif, (3) GC/AG and CT/GC motif, (4) AT/AC and GT/AT motif.
alignSJDBoverhangMin 3
int>0: minimum overhang (i.e. block size) for annotated (sjdb) spliced alignments
alignSplicedMateMapLmin 0
int>0: minimum mapped length for a read mate that is spliced
alignSplicedMateMapLminOverLmate 0.66
float>0: alignSplicedMateMapLmin normalized to mate length
alignWindowsPerReadNmax 10000
int>0: max number of windows per read
alignTranscriptsPerWindowNmax 100
int>0: max number of transcripts per window
alignTranscriptsPerReadNmax 10000
int>0: max number of different alignments per read to consider
alignEndsType Local
string: type of read ends alignment
Local ... standard local alignment with soft-clipping allowed
EndToEnd ... force end-to-end read alignment, do not soft-clip
Extend5pOfRead1 ... fully extend only the 5p of the read1, all other ends: local alignment
alignSoftClipAtReferenceEnds Yes
string: allow the soft-clipping of the alignments past the end of the chromosomes
Yes ... allow
No ... prohibit, useful for compatibility with Cufflinks
### Windows, Anchors, Binning
winAnchorMultimapNmax 50
int>0: max number of loci anchors are allowed to map to
winBinNbits 16
int>0: =log2(winBin), where winBin is the size of the bin for the windows/clustering, each window will occupy an integer number of bins.
winAnchorDistNbins 9
int>0: max number of bins between two anchors that allows aggregation of anchors into one window
winFlankNbins 4
int>0: log2(winFlank), where win Flank is the size of the left and right flanking regions for each window
### Chimeric Alignments
chimOutType SeparateSAMold
string: type of chimeric output
SeparateSAMold ... output old SAM into separate Chimeric.out.sam file
WithinBAM ... output into main aligned BAM files (Aligned.*.bam)
chimSegmentMin 0
int>=0: minimum length of chimeric segment length, if ==0, no chimeric output
chimScoreMin 0
int>=0: minimum total (summed) score of the chimeric segments
chimScoreDropMax 20
int>=0: max drop (difference) of chimeric score (the sum of scores of all chimeric segements) from the read length
chimScoreSeparation 10
int>=0: minimum difference (separation) between the best chimeric score and the next one
chimScoreJunctionNonGTAG -1
int: penalty for a non-GT/AG chimeric junction
chimJunctionOverhangMin 20
int>=0: minimum overhang for a chimeric junction
chimSegmentReadGapMax 0
int>=0: maximum gap in the read sequence between chimeric segments
chimFilter banGenomicN
string(s): different filters for chimeric alignments
None ... no filtering
banGenomicN ... Ns are not allowed in the genome sequence around the chimeric junction
### Quantification of Annotations
quantMode -
string(s): types of quantification requested
- ... none
TranscriptomeSAM ... output SAM/BAM alignments to transcriptome into a separate file
GeneCounts ... count reads per gene
quantTranscriptomeBAMcompression 1 1
int: -1 to 10 transcriptome BAM compression level, -1=default compression (6?), 0=no compression, 10=maximum compression
quantTranscriptomeBan IndelSoftclipSingleend
string: prohibit various alignment type
IndelSoftclipSingleend ... prohibit indels, soft clipping and single-end alignments - compatible with RSEM
Singleend ... prohibit single-end alignments
### 2-pass Mapping
twopassMode None
string: 2-pass mapping mode.
None ... 1-pass mapping
Basic ... basic 2-pass mapping, with all 1st pass junctions inserted into the genome indices on the fly
twopass1readsN -1
int: number of reads to process for the 1st step. Use very large number (or default -1) to map all reads in the first step.
For more details see:
<https://github.com/alexdobin/STAR>
<https://github.com/alexdobin/STAR/blob/master/doc/STARmanual.pdf>

download exercise files

Download exercise files here

Use the right application to open the files present in ex3e-files

References:

↑
Alexander Dobin, Carrie A Davis, Felix Schlesinger, Jorg Drenkow, Chris Zaleski, Sonali Jha, Philippe Batut, Mark Chaisson, Thomas R Gingeras
STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner.
Bioinformatics: 2013, 29(1);15-21
[PubMed:23104886] ##WORLDCAT## [DOI] (I p)
↑ https://github.com/alexdobin/STAR
↑ https://github.com/alexdobin/STAR/blob/master/doc/STARmanual.pdf

[1] 
Alexander Dobin, Carrie A Davis, Felix Schlesinger, Jorg Drenkow, Chris Zaleski, Sonali Jha, Philippe Batut, Mark Chaisson, Thomas R Gingeras
STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner.
Bioinformatics: 2013, 29(1);15-21
[PubMed:23104886] ##WORLDCAT## [DOI] (I p)

[2] ttps://github.com/alexdobin/STAR

[3] ttps://github.com/alexdobin/STAR/blob/master/doc/STARmanual.pdf

[1]

[2]

[3]

NGS Exercise.3d

download exercise files

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